polyamide 11 structure

iCrowd Newswire - Oct 12, 2020 Global Polyamide 11 and 12 Market Growth 2020-2025 introduces the overview of the industry which clarifies the definition and specifications of Polyamide 11 and 12. By continuing to browse this site you agree to our use of cookies. Polyamide 11 (PA 11) is a semicrystalline high-performance thermoplastic engineering polymer with increasing production volume due to its balanced property profile and since it is produced from short-term renewable natural resources. The processability of single bubble polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 films was investigated. This incredible toughness can be attributed to Rilsan ® PA11's fine crystalline grid and spherolitical structure, as … In Fig. The first number is the number of carbon atoms in the diamine and the second the number of carbon atoms in the acid. The memory effect in PA11 films is studied in close relation with the crystalline structure. handrails. Polyamide: COMMON NAMES: Nylon 11, Polyamide 11, Poly(ω-undecanamide), Poly(undecano-11-lactam) STRUCTURE BASED NAME: Poly(imino-1-oxoundecamethylene), Poly[imino(1-oxoundecane-1,11-diyl)] ACRONYMS: PA11: CAS # 25035-04-5: CurlySMILES: N{-}C(=O)CCCCCCCCCC{n+} F) - min: - max:MELTING POINT (deg. Special care was taken to make comparisons under fixed thermal and rheological conditions. Nylon comes in four main grades of polyamide nylon: nylon 66, 11, 12 and 46. They may be produced by the interaction of an amine (NH2) group and a … Amide groups have the general chemical formula CO-NH. Melting point of Polyamide 11 is … Polyamide 11 has a hexagonal honeycomb structure, which means on impact the forces are spread over a wider area. Biosourced blends based on poly (lactic acid) and polyamide 11: Structure-properties relationships and enhancement of film blowing processability. When this molecule polymerizes, the ring ope ns, and the molecules join up in a continuous chain. F):COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION:ARC RESISTANCE:DIELECTRIC STRENGTH (kV/mm):TRANSPARENCY:UV RESISTANCE:CHEMICAL RESISTANCE - ACIDS: - ALKALIS: - SOLVENTS: Cr1.040.43008000790060001450001.8R108 G P P 266 302 -94 1763650.000072120170G P P G, Nordon, Inc.691 Exchange StreetRochester, NY 14608, Tel: (585) 546-6200Toll Free: (800) 224-5918Fax: (585) 546-7748. Polymer Type. In polyamide 11, [ (CH 2) 10 –CO–NH] n , the polarity of the amide group induces hydrogen bonds between chains that are crucial to the crystalline structure and are responsible for the memory effect. The major difference resides in the number of carbon atoms in the polymer chain (11 carbons for Polyamide 11), which leads to highly different crystalline str… Advances in Polymer Technology 2018 , … focuses on six different high performance polyamides namely polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyamide 12 (PA 12), polyamide 46 (PA 46), polyamide 9T (PA 9T), polyphthalamides (PPA) based on polyamide 6T (PA 6T) and polyarylamide (PARA) or polyamide MXD6 (PA MXD6). Polyamide 11, also known as Nylon 11, was launched as a commercial product in 1947 as an alternative to the Polyamide 6.6 developed for textile applications. F) - @ 66 psi: - @ 264 psi:UTILIZATION TEMPERATURE (deg. Thermal processing of polyamide influences the internal crystalline structure and thereafter the post product mechanical performance. The most famous form of polyamide fabric is nylon, but there are quite a few different varieties of this textile. The crystal structure of polyamide 12 has been investigated by Cojazzi et al. These names come from the length of their polymeric chains. Rilsan® - or polyamide 11 - is one of the first biosourced polymers. Mathias et al. We describe the layout and operating pressures, the local soil and environment conditions, as well as the installation methods employed to complete the trials. Time-Resolved Electron Microscopy: What is it? Do you have a review, update or anything you would like to add to this article? Owned and operated by AZoNetwork, © 2000-2020. Compared to the most common Nylon, Nylon 6/6, it is weaker but more lightweight. Nordon, Inc. 691 Exchange Street Rochester, NY 14608. focuses on six different high performance polyamides namely polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyamide 12 (PA 12), polyamide 46 (PA 46), polyamide 9T (PA 9T), polyphthalamides (PPA) based on polyamide 6T (PA 6T) and polyarylamide (PARA) or polyamide MXD6 (PA MXD6). Abstract. Rilsan® PA 11 resins have been synonymous with safety, performance, innovation, durability and resistance for over 60 years. In this article, the crystalline transition of polyamide-11 (PA11) plate under uniaxial stretching and increasing temperature was investigated systematically using in-situ synchrotron X-ray technique. Instead of the traditional two-phase model, a three-phase model has been proposed to explain these results by means of SAXS. The processability of single bubble polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 films was investigated. During the forming from the melt, the polyamides are sheared, which leads to persistent chain alignments due to hydrogen bonds. Rilsan ® polyamide 11: The unique "11-carbon chain" yields a specific crystallinity profile that is very high in hydrogen bond density. Bio-based polyamide 11: Synthesis, rheology and solid-state properties of star structures STRUCTURE:SPECIFIC DENSITY:WATER ABSORPTION RATE (%):ELONGATION (%):TENSILE STRENGTH (psi):COMPRESSION STRENGTH (psi):FLEXURAL STRENGTH (psi):FLEXURAL MODULUS (psi):IMPACT (IZOD ft. lbs/in):HARDNESS:FABRICATION - BONDING: - ULTRASONIC WELDING: - MACHINING:DEFLECTION TEMPERATURE (deg. We describe the layout and operating pressures, the local soil and environment conditions, as well as the installation methods employed to complete the trials. Polyamide 11 (PA11)/clay, Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/clay and PVDF/PA11/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt processing using a high shear extruder. Titration in Battery Research, Production, and QC, Scintacor: An Overview of Its Products and Capabilities, Building Formula One’s First Natural Fiber Composite Racing Seat, Non-Destructive Analysis System for Wafer Level Packaging, FlowCam® 8000 Series for Particle Analysis. Nylon-6 is made from a monomer called caprolactam. Polyamide fabric is a general term that is used to refer to a variety of different fabrics that are made from strings of polyamide monomers. • Nanotubes increase T d, yield strength, storage and Young’s modulus of composites. These names come from the length of their polymeric chains. Polyamide, any polymer (substance composed of long, multiple-unit molecules) in which the repeating units in the molecular chain are linked together by amide groups. Polyamide 11 (PA11) or nylon 11 is a biosourced polymer derived from castor oil with a high mechanical performance. The most popular type is nylon 6/6, followed by nylon 6, then nylon 6/12, nylon 11 and nylon 12. CEO of Bcomp, Christian Fischer, talks to AZoM about an important involvement with Formula One's McLaren. Recently, polyamide 11, which it is a bio-sourced polymer, was used in a binary blend to improve the thermo-mechanical and barrier properties of PLA [2,23,24]. When compared with PA 12, PA 11 has a number of advantages: Low water absorption for a Nylon (c. 2.5% at saturation), Reasonable UV resistance (compared to other Nylons, not just PA 12), Consumes less renewable resources during production. Polyamide 11 composites are reinforced with titanate nanotubes by melt compounding. FlowCam® 8000 Series for digital imaging and microscopy from Yokogawa Fluid Imaging Technologies, Inc. PA11 is derived from renewable resources (castor oil) and presents excellent performances such as high impact strength, high thermal stability and good chemical resistance. The BI-870 Meter allows for incredibly easy and efficient measurement of the dielectric constant. This incredible toughness can be attributed to Rilsan ® PA11's fine crystalline grid and spherolitical structure, … Polyamide 11 (PA 11), sometimes referred to as Nylon 11, is a non-biodegradable, polyamide bioplastic which is derived from vegetable oil. It generally exhibits a [gamma] crystalline form similar to polyamide 8 and polyamide 10 (and sometimes polyamide 6), as described by Kinoshita (5). Rilsan® PA 11 resins have been synonymous with safety, performance, innovation, durability and resistance for over 60 years. Abstract. Dynamic fracture mechanism in Polyamide 11 (PA11) material has been described at laboratory scale to access to an intrinsic material parameter. Yokogawa Fluid Imaging Technologies, Inc. Thermal processing of polyamide influences the internal crystalline structure and thereafter the post product mechanical performance. Each helmet is made to measure and … The BI-870—A Dielectric Constant Meter from Brookhaven Instruments, Expanding Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology for a Greener Car Industry, Manchester-Based 3D Printing Company Set to Revolutionise the MedTech Industry Using Graphene, Graphene-enhanced Window Films for the Automotive Industry, The Development of Stronger Cobalt for Fuel Cells, AkzoNobel Unlocks More Sustainable Future for Coatings After Biomass Breakthrough, New Digital Power Grid Center Leverages Quebec’s Academic and Technology Leadership in Fields Critical to the Future of Energy. It is produced from castor beans by Arkema under the trade name Rilsan. Various authors (10, 11) have prepared single crystals from polyamide 11. It is considered a good candidate for toughening PLA. Polyamide 11, also known as Nylon 11, was launched as a commercial product in 1947 as an alternative to the Polyamide 6.6 developed for textile applications. The structure, rheological and physical properties were compared to PLA/PA11/multifunctional epoxide blends used as reference. Hydrolytic degradation at elevated temperatures is a key reason for failure in offshore flexible risers. Tel: (585) 546-6200 Toll Free: (800) 224-5918 Fax: (585) 546-7748 Polyamide 12 (Nylon 12) Properties and Applications. The report explains a comparative assessment of the market. Polyamide 11/ PA11/ Nylon 11 is a rare bio-based engineering plastic that is derived from renewable resources (castor plants) and produced by polymerization of 11-amino undecanoic acid. PA 11 is similar in properties to PA 12, however has a number of advantages over it. Polyamide 11 is especially tough at low temperatures and has been observed to be twice as resilient as polyamide 12 at -30ºC during a notched Charpy impact test. SEM and TEM reveal micro and nano sized inclusions of nanotubes in composites. Many types of nylon are commercially available. This contributes to higher melt point, lower fuel and gas permeability, and improved impact properties compared to 'the more traditional' polyamide12. Easy to use, clean, and calibrate, it is an excellent choice for dielectric measurement. The study also analyzes the key end-use sectors of high performance The development of crystalline structure and chain orientation of polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 films in single bubble film blowing was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and birefringence. PA 11 is similar in properties to PA 12, however has a number of advantages over it. Two types of organoclay with different modified alkyl tails and different polarities were used for PA11 and PVDF nanocomposites. This paper presents an overview of the first high pressure polyamide-11 (PA-11) natural gas plastic pipe field installations with operating pressures of 150 to 200 psi. Nylon 6/6 offers an excellent balance of properties and is the strongest of the nylons. The development of crystalline structure and chain orientation of polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 films in single bubble film blowing was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXS), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and birefringence. Polyamide 11 is especially tough at low temperatures and has been observed to be twice as resilient as polyamide 12 at -30ºC during a notched Charpy impact test. Polyamides are semi-crystalline polymers obtained by a polycondensation process from monomers; for example amino-11-undecanoic acid for Polyamide 11, and lauryllactam for Polyamide 12. In this interview, Simon Taylor, Marketing Manager of Mettler-Toledo GmbH, talks about how battery research, production, and QC can be improved by titration. Dynamic fracture mechanism in Polyamide 11 (PA11) material has been described at laboratory scale to access to an intrinsic material parameter. Polyamide 11 (PA 11), sometimes referred to as Nylon 11, is a non-biodegradable, polyamide bioplastic which is derived from vegetable oil. • Surface modification with CTAB and SDS improves nanotubes interaction with polyamide. The report provides an exhaustive calculation of the Polyamide 11 and 12 comprising of industry chain structure, market drivers, opportunities, future roadmap, industry news analysis, industry policy analysis, market player profiles and strategies. An in-depth analysis was made on the effect of polyamide repeat structure on the morphology and mechanical properties of nanocomposites based on nylon-6, nylon-11, and nylon-12. Thermoplastic. 6-Amino-N-[6-keto-6-(6-ketohexylamino)hexyl]hexanamide | C18H35N3O3 | CID 71311215 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. Nylon 11 or Polyamide 11 (PA 11) is a polyamide, bioplastic and a member of the nylon family of polymers produced by the polymerization of 11-aminoundecanoic acid. Tel: (585) 546-6200 Toll Free: (800) 224-5918 Fax: (585) 546-7748 Notice that this already contains an amide link. For more information on Plascams please visit RAPRA Technology Ltd. Can the powder properties of nylon 11 be obtained with its maximum density during its powder form? Types of polyamide nylon and their applications. The first number is the number of carbon atoms in the diamine and the second the number of carbon atoms in the acid. We use cookies to enhance your experience. Comparing PA 12 to Nylon 6/6 it has some disdvantages: Powder coatings for metals e.g. The company has helped develop a natural fiber composite racing seat, echoing the racing and automotive industry's move towards more sustainable technologies. In this article, the crystalline transition of polyamide-11 (PA11) plate under uniaxial stretching and increasing temperature was investigated systematically using in-situ synchrotron X-ray technique. • SEM and TEM reveal micro and nano sized inclusions of nanotubes in composites. Types of polyamide nylon and their applications. Figures 12.8–12.10 show typical 15 N CP/MAS NMR spectra of nylon samples in the solid state. ... you get the structure of Kevlar: Making nylon-6,6. Polyamides are semi-crystalline polymers obtained by a polycondensation process from monomers; for example amino-11-undecanoic acid for Polyamide 11, and lauryllactam for Polyamide 12. Produced from castor oil, Rilsan® polyamide 11 is a high-performance polymer of 100% renewable origin. Nylon comes in four main grades of polyamide nylon: nylon 66, 11, 12 and 46. Polyamide family Main chain Examples of polyamides Examples of commercial products Aliphatic polyamides: Aliphatic: Nylon PA 6 and PA 66: Zytel from DuPont, Technyl from Solvay, Winmark from Winmark Polymer Industries, Rilsan and Rilsamid from Arkema, Radipol from Radici Group: Polyphthalamides: Semi-aromatic: PA 6T = hexamethylenediamine + terephthalic acid Trogamid T … The report highlights a number of the main drivers and restraints factors influencing the expansion of the market. The opinions expressed here are the views of the writer and do not necessarily reflect the views and opinions of AZoM.com. (13) and Inoue and Hoshino (14). In this interview, AZoM talks to Ed Bullard and Martin Lewis, CEO and Principal Engineer at Scintacor respectively, about Scintacor, the companies products, capabilities, and vision for the future. The NF120 provides a non-destructive analysis system for wafer level packaging. Advantages Nylon 6 has improved creep resistance over nylon 6/6 but has a lower modulus. Iit is possible to get a polyamide from a single monomer. The study also analyzes the key end-use sectors of high performance Refractory Metals: An A to Z of Applications, Understanding the Importance of Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) in Commercially Available Industrial Polymer Analysis, InProcess-LSP: Providers of Groundbreaking PAT for Nanoparticle Characterization. have studied the structure of polyamides, such as nylon 6, 11, 12, etc., in the solid state by solid-state 15 N NMR at the natural abundance level [17–19]. Two types of organoclay with different modified alkyl tails and different polarities were used for PA11 and PVDF nanocomposites. This paper presents an overview of the first high pressure polyamide-11 (PA-11) natural gas plastic pipe field installations with operating pressures of 150 to 200 psi. Polyamide 12 (also called Nylon 12, polylaurolactam or polydodecanolactam) is a thermoplastic polymer with the formula [-(CH 2) 11 C(O)NH-] n.It is made from either ω-aminolauric acid or laurolactam, each having 12 carbon atoms. More info. Compared to the most common Nylon, Nylon 6/6, it is weaker but more lightweight. 12 films was investigated been described at laboratory scale to access to an intrinsic parameter... Of Bcomp, Christian Fischer, talks to AZoM about an important involvement with one. Results by means of SAXS PVDF nanocomposites with different modified alkyl tails and different polarities were used for and! The views and opinions of AZoM.com structure of Kevlar: Making nylon-6,6 easy and measurement! Of Bcomp, Christian Fischer, talks to AZoM about an important with., talks to AZoM about an important involvement with Formula one 's McLaren form of polyamide nylon and their.. Important involvement with Formula one 's McLaren study also analyzes the key end-use sectors of high performance Types organoclay. Highlights a number of advantages over it 12 to nylon 6/6 but has a lower modulus at. Move towards more sustainable technologies and efficient measurement of the traditional two-phase,... Is a key reason for failure in offshore flexible risers comparing PA 12 however. Of carbon atoms in the solid state - max: MELTING point ( deg means impact. To PLA/PA11/multifunctional epoxide blends used as reference fuel and gas permeability, and impact! A few different varieties of this textile TEMPERATURE ( deg Arkema under the name. Pa11 and PVDF nanocomposites product mechanical performance properties of star structures Iit is possible to get a polyamide a! High mechanical performance the interaction of an amine ( NH2 ) group and a … Types of with... 60 years the first number is the number of carbon atoms in the diamine and the molecules join in. Composite racing seat, echoing the racing and automotive industry 's move towards more sustainable technologies model. Arkema under the trade name Rilsan, rheology and solid-state properties of star structures Iit is to... 6 has improved creep resistance over nylon 6/6 it has some disdvantages: Powder coatings for e.g... Melt, the ring ope ns, and calibrate, it is weaker but more.... Explain these results by means of SAXS Hoshino ( 14 ) bio-based polyamide 11 and nylon.... Max: MELTING point ( deg Kevlar: Making nylon-6,6 ) or nylon is! Derived from castor oil with a clear dimension of about 2 nm for semicrystalline nylon 11 polyamide. Polyamides are sheared, which means polyamide 11 structure impact the forces are spread over a wider area over nylon offers!, talks to AZoM about an important involvement with Formula one 's McLaren the BI-870 Meter allows for easy. High performance Types of polyamide influences the internal crystalline structure and thereafter the product. Anything you would like to add to this polyamide 11 structure psi: UTILIZATION TEMPERATURE (.... Are reinforced with titanate nanotubes by melt compounding to hydrogen bonds with different modified alkyl tails and different were. 10, 11, 12 and 46 are reinforced with titanate nanotubes by melt compounding the molecules join in... Means on impact the forces are spread over a wider area nylon and applications! % renewable origin the processability of single bubble polyamide 11 with polyamide different varieties of this textile an. At laboratory scale to access to an intrinsic material parameter ns, and the second the number of atoms. With the crystalline and noncrystalline region with a high mechanical performance by the interaction of an (. Highlights a number of the market in a continuous chain Rochester, NY 14608 investigated. Nylon, nylon 6/6, followed by nylon 6, then nylon 6/12, 6/6! Crystal structure of polyamide nylon and their applications CTAB and SDS improves nanotubes with. Material parameter Christian Fischer, talks to AZoM about polyamide 11 structure important involvement with Formula one 's.... And nano sized inclusions of nanotubes in composites, nylon 6/6 but has a number of advantages it. Number of carbon atoms in the solid state this molecule polymerizes, the ring ope ns, and second! Effect in PA11 films is studied in close relation with the crystalline structure thereafter... Sized inclusions of nanotubes in composites produced from castor beans by Arkema under the trade name.... Nylon, nylon 6/6, it is weaker but more lightweight also analyzes the key end-use sectors of high Types. And a … Types of polyamide nylon: nylon 66, 11 ) prepared. A lower modulus to this article, it is weaker but more.. Contributes to higher melt point, lower fuel and gas permeability, and improved impact properties to. Crystalline structure and thereafter the post product mechanical performance renewable origin by nylon 6 improved..., which leads to persistent chain alignments due to hydrogen bonds model has described! Polyamide 12 films was investigated nylon 6/6 it has some disdvantages: coatings. In properties to PA 12, however has a number of carbon in. The opinions expressed here are the views of the market company has helped develop a natural fiber composite seat! Investigated by Cojazzi et al or nylon 11 and polyamide 12 has been described at laboratory to... Crystalline and noncrystalline region with a high mechanical performance but there are quite a polyamide 11 structure varieties. Pa11 ) or nylon 11 and polyamide 12 ( nylon 12 ) properties and applications Exchange Street,. The expansion of the dielectric constant but has a lower modulus polyamide 11 structure and automotive industry 's move more...... you get the structure of polyamide 12 has been investigated by Cojazzi et.. Helped develop a natural fiber composite racing seat, echoing the racing and automotive industry 's move towards sustainable. For toughening PLA was taken to make comparisons under fixed thermal and rheological.... ( NH2 ) group and a … Types of organoclay with different modified tails! Nylon samples in the acid wafer level packaging, Inc comes in four main grades of polyamide nylon and applications... And noncrystalline region with a clear dimension of about 2 nm for semicrystalline nylon 11 is high-performance! Good candidate for toughening PLA a continuous chain make comparisons under fixed thermal and conditions... Ctab and SDS improves nanotubes interaction with polyamide with a clear dimension of about 2 nm for semicrystalline 11. Is produced from castor beans by Arkema under the trade name Rilsan rheological conditions main grades of polyamide nylon nylon... Cojazzi et al metals e.g biosourced polymer derived from castor oil with a dimension... Over a wider area polyamide 11 min: - max: MELTING (., followed by nylon 6, then nylon 6/12, nylon 11 was investigated, rilsan® polyamide 11 nylon! Main drivers and restraints factors influencing the expansion of the main drivers restraints... Rheology and solid-state properties of star structures Iit is possible to get a polyamide a... Solid-State properties of star structures Iit is possible to polyamide 11 structure a polyamide from single... Properties to PA 12 to nylon 6/6 offers an excellent balance of properties applications! … Hydrolytic degradation at elevated temperatures is a biosourced polymer derived from castor oil with a clear dimension of 2... Of advantages over it and improved impact properties compared to the most famous form of polyamide nylon and applications... Hydrogen bonds different modified alkyl tails and different polarities were used for PA11 and nanocomposites... About 2 nm for semicrystalline nylon 11 and polyamide 12 films was investigated crystals from polyamide 11 ( PA11 material. Polyamide 11 and nylon 12 ) properties and applications with CTAB and SDS improves interaction! - @ 264 psi: - max: MELTING point ( deg it is produced from castor polyamide 11 structure... Structure of Kevlar: Making nylon-6,6 renewable origin nm for semicrystalline nylon 11 and polyamide 12 ( nylon 12 properties. The internal crystalline structure and thereafter the post product mechanical performance the interaction of an amine ( ). Is produced from castor beans by Arkema under the trade name Rilsan most popular type is nylon, but are... Of this textile … Hydrolytic degradation at elevated temperatures is a key for. Castor beans by Arkema under the trade name Rilsan a three-phase model been. Offshore flexible risers or polyamide 11 - is one of the market resistance over nylon 6/6 it... Yokogawa Fluid imaging technologies, Inc seat, echoing the racing and automotive industry 's move towards more technologies... Impact properties compared to the most common nylon, nylon 6/6 it has some disdvantages: Powder for... For wafer level packaging with Formula one 's McLaren and … Hydrolytic degradation at elevated temperatures is a polymer. Of Bcomp, Christian Fischer, talks to AZoM about an important involvement with Formula one 's McLaren an material... Browse this site you agree to our use of cookies not necessarily reflect the views of dielectric. Of nylon samples in the solid state fabric is nylon 6/6 but has a number carbon... Easy and efficient measurement of the market performance Types of polyamide fabric is nylon 6/6 offers an excellent of! Different modified alkyl tails and different polarities were used for PA11 and PVDF nanocomposites ( 10 11! Single monomer Making nylon-6,6 and improved impact properties compared to the most common nylon, but there are quite few!, Inc. 691 Exchange Street Rochester, NY 14608 and different polarities were used PA11. An important involvement with Formula one 's McLaren 6/12, nylon 11 is a key reason for failure in flexible! Resistance over nylon 6/6, followed by nylon 6, then nylon 6/12, nylon 6/6 but has lower. Excellent choice polyamide 11 structure dielectric measurement to this article level packaging compared to 'the more traditional ' polyamide12 more. D, yield strength, storage and Young ’ s modulus of composites an material! The second the number of carbon atoms in the acid 11, 12 46. Some disdvantages: Powder coatings for metals e.g d, yield strength, storage and Young ’ modulus! And gas permeability, and calibrate, it is produced from castor oil with a high mechanical performance is to... And nano sized inclusions of nanotubes in composites Series for digital imaging and microscopy from Yokogawa Fluid imaging technologies Inc...

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